The interplay between risk society and the network-technology era has given rise to an expansionist trend in the protection of collective legal interests in recent criminal legislation. Relative to individual legal interests, the content of collective legal interests is less clearly defined, which has called into question the function of legal interests as a justification for criminal legislation, and urgently demands clarification of the theoretical orientation of the legislative function of collective legal interests from both methodological and epistemological dimensions. From the methodological dimension, inquiry into the legislative function of collective legal interests should be grounded in China's social realities, addressing such meta-propositions as 'the philosophical foundation of collective legal interest protection' and 'the relationship between collective and individual legal interests', so as to substantiate the legislative justification function of collective legal interests within the theoretical framework of Marx's 'association of free individuals'. From the epistemological dimension, its theoretical value lies in ensuring the authenticity, comprehensiveness, and equality of the legal interests protected by criminal legislation; its practical value lies in constructing a four-pronged framework to enhance legislative quality, namely: feasibility review centered on culpability within the constitutive elements of crime, timeliness review centered on the existence of universal values, social effects review centered on the concept of rule of law in criminal law, and problem-oriented review centered on the proportionality assessment of means.
内容提要 随着风险社会与网络科技时代的交织叠加，刑事立法呈现出对集体法益的扩张化保护态势。相较于个人法益，集体法益的内涵更为模糊，这使得法益作为刑事立法正当化根据的机能遭受质疑，亟需从方法论与知识论双重维度厘清集体法益立法论机能的理论面向。在方法论维度，对集体法益立法论机能的考察，须立足中国社会现实语境，探索“集体法益保护的哲学基础”“集体法益与个人法益的关系”等元命题，并依托马克思“自由人联合体”的理论框架证成其立法正当化机能。在知识论维度，集体法益立法正当化机能的理论价值在于明确刑事立法保护法益的真实性、全面性与平等性；实践价值则在于形塑四位一体的路径来提升立法质量：以犯罪构成之罪责为核心实现可行性审查，以普遍价值之存在为核心实现时机性审查，以刑事法治理念为核心实现社会效果审查，以手段比例性判断为核心实现问题性审查。