作者：高志宏
作者介绍：南京航空航天大学人文与社会科学学院教授
出版日期：2026年10月9日
内容提要 安全是低空经济稳健运行与高质量发展的逻辑前提与底线保障。低空经济安全包括空域安全、飞行安全、公共安全、数据安全、产业链安全等内容，相关风险呈现出复杂性、动态性、溢出性等特点，这些风险对现有法秩序提出重大挑战。因此，应当推动低空经济在风险可控的前提下实现规模化发展，坚持底线刚性与弹性空间相统一，保持产业利益、公共利益、个体利益之间的张力；建构低空经济安全的权利义务规范，解决现行法律层级偏低、规范碎片化、专门性不足、部门协调性弱等问题，明确法律关系主体之间的安全权利义务边界；创新低空经济安全的治理模式，建立风险分级与精准管控机制，从事后惩戒向事前预防、从政府单向监管向多元协同共治转变；细化安全责任体系，贯通主体责任、监管责任、侵权责任与应急处置责任，实现低空经济安全治理的权责利相匹配。
关键词 低空经济 安全风险 总体国家安全观 民用航空法
Abstract: Safety is the logical prerequisite and fundamental safeguard for the stable operation and high-quality development of the low-altitude economy. Safety in the low-altitude economy encompasses airspace safety, flight safety, public safety, data security, and industrial chain security, among other aspects. The associated risks are characterized by complexity, dynamism, and spillover effects, posing significant challenges to the existing legal order. Therefore, we must promote the large-scale development of the low-altitude economy while ensuring risks remain controllable, adhering to a balance between strict baseline requirements and flexible room for maneuver, and maintaining a healthy tension among industrial, public, and individual interests. We must establish norms governing the rights and obligations related to low-altitude economic safety, addressing issues such as the low legal standing of current regulations, regulatory fragmentation, lack of specialization, and weak interdepartmental coordination, and clearly defining the boundaries of safety rights and obligations among legal entities. We must innovate safety governance models for the low-altitude economy, establish risk classification and precise control mechanisms, and shift from post-incident punishment to preemptive prevention, and from unilateral government regulation to multi-stakeholder collaborative governance. We must refine the safety responsibility system, integrating primary responsibility, regulatory responsibility, tort liability, and emergency response responsibility to ensure that authority, responsibility, and benefits are properly aligned in the safety governance of the low-altitude economy.