Novel competitive patterns of super platforms have posed challenges to anti-monopoly law, which necessitate both theoretical innovation and practical institutional development. Academia has articulated theories such as the right to data portability, data essential facilities doctrine, data public utility, and data sharing as jurisprudential foundations for super platform data anti-monopoly. However, given the precision required in anti-monopoly regulation, the appropriate theory must be selected based on the specific type of super platform data monopoly conduct. In developing a Chinese solution, the principle of active, inclusive and prudent regulation should be established first, followed by rationalizing the relationship among ex-ante regulation, in-process regulation, and ex-post regulation. Second, regarding the typology of data monopoly, the classification model distinguishing element-type data monopoly conduct from market-type data monopoly conduct offers both factual rationality and normative effectiveness, and should serve as the foundation for China’s typology of data monopoly conduct. Third, anti-monopoly rules for market-type data monopoly conduct should be constructed, the adaptability and effectiveness of typological relief measures should be enhanced, and opportunities for applying data anti-monopoly remedies to address data monopoly conduct should be increased.
内容提要 超级平台的新型竞争形态对反垄断法提出了挑战，应当进行理论创新与实践创制。学界阐释了将个人信息可携带权理论、数据必需设施理论、数据公用事业理论、数据共享理论作为超级平台数据反垄断的法理根据，但基于反垄断法规制的精准性，应当根据超级平台数据垄断行为的类型，选择与之适配的理论。在构建中国方案时，首先应当确立积极的包容审慎监管原则，进而理顺事前规制、事中规制、事后规制的关系。其次，在数据垄断类型化方面，要素型数据垄断行为与市场型数据垄断行为的类型化模式具有事实合理性与规范有效性，应当成为中国数据垄断行为类型化的基础。再次，应构建市场型数据垄断行为的反垄断规则，强化类型化救济措施的适配性与有效性，增加运用数据反垄断救济措施处理数据垄断行为的机会。