作者：彭中礼
作者介绍：中南大学法学院教授
出版日期：2026年6月9日
内容提要 数字司法中算法决策与司法价值的偏离容易引发伦理与法律风险。在数字司法场域中推进价值对齐，应当坚守司法本质以定其向，防控技术风险以固其基，筑牢司法信任以彰其效，融合司法文明以臻其境。数字司法价值对齐要求算法的价值追求与法律精神、社会伦理、人文关怀形成动态适配，其具体要求体现为维护一致性、确保可控性、保持鲁棒性以及避免恣意性。推进数字司法价值对齐，需凝聚全链条、全过程的协同合力，在源头校准层、运行管控层、迭代优化层与安全保障层系统构建层次化推进的过程机制。理论分析表明，数字司法中的价值对齐通过将人类多元价值转化为技术可理解、可执行的逻辑，让人机协同从效率适配的工具层面跃升为价值共生的生态层面，最终形成技术进步与人类发展深度契合的良性循环。
关键词 数字司法 价值对齐 人工智能 司法价值 算法正义
Abstract: Deviations between algorithmic decision-making and judicial values in digital justice can easily give rise to ethical and legal risks. To advance value alignment in the digital justice domain, it is essential to uphold the essence of justice to orient its development, prevent and control technical risks to consolidate its foundation, safeguard judicial trust to demonstrate its effectiveness, and integrate judicial civilization to elevate its practice. Value alignment in digital justice requires the value pursuit of algorithms to form dynamic adaptation with legal spirit, social ethics, and humanistic care. Its core requirements are maintaining consistency, ensuring controllability, preserving robustness, and avoiding arbitrariness. To promote value alignment, it is necessary to gather collaborative forces across the entire chain and process, and establish a well-structured, hierarchical promotion mechanism covering the source calibration level, operation control level, iterative optimization level, and security guarantee level. Theoretical analysis indicates that value alignment in digital justice transforms diverse human values into the logic that is technically understandable and executable, enabling the collaboration between humans and machines to leap from the instrumental level of efficiency adaptation to the ecological level of value coexistence. Ultimately, it fosters a positive cycle where technological progress is deeply integrated with human development.