作者：李建伟
作者介绍：中国政法大学民商经济法学院教授
出版日期：2016年8月9日
内容提要 如何建构民商法二元结构的统一私法体系,主要存在"民法典+单行商事法"与"民法典+商法通则+单行商事法"两种范式主张。其中前者力主"在民商合一体例下制定民法典总则",这一立法设想可行与否,涉及到民法总则设置商法规范的限度及其模式等问题。无论从构建统一私法体系的形式理性立场,抑或从商事立法体系化的现实主义立场,"民法典+单行商事法"范式都难称最优,"在民商合一体例下制定民法典总则"的范式应受质疑,民法总则制定应该果决放弃民商合一的理想化追求,剥离难以承载的提供商法规范之重任,循"民法典+商法通则+单行商事法"范式构建统一私法体系,藉由实现商事立法的体系化,是符合中国民商事立法现实的理性立法选择。
关键词 民法总则 商法独立性 商事立法体系化 提取公因式 立法抽象
Abstract: There are mainly two norms of building the unified private law system of dual structure of civil and commercial laws: the first one is "civil code plus single commercial law" and the second one is "civil code plus general rules of commercial law plus single commercial law" , among which the former advocates to "formulate general rules of civil code under the style of unification of civil and commercial law" and it concerns with the limits and patterns of formulating commercial law norms in the general rules of civil code. No matter on the rational stance of building a unified private law system or the realistic stance of systematization of commercial legislation, "civil code plus single commercial law" norm is the best one and the norm of "formulating general rules of civil code under the style of unification of civil and commercial law" should be questioned. The formulation of the general rules of civil law should decisively abandon the ideal pursuit of unifying the civil and commercial law and be freed from the unbearable responsibility of providing commercial law norms. The rational legislation choice of Chinese civil and commercial legislation is to establish a unified private law system follows the norm of "civil code plus general rules of commercial law plus single commercial law" and thus realize the systematization of the commercial law legislation.