作者：谢增毅
作者介绍：中国社会科学院法学研究所研究员
出版日期：2016年10月9日
内容提要 雇佣(劳动)合同规则在民法典中的体例大致经历了法国模式、德国模式以及瑞士和意大利模式三个阶段,雇佣关系逐步演化为劳动关系。从雇佣合同到劳动合同,体现了法律对雇佣关系调整的理念和内容的深刻变化,劳动法在民法之外获得巨大的独立发展。虽然民法典中的雇佣规则调整劳动关系的功能弱化,但雇佣合同规则尚有存在的基础和必要。雇佣合同规则既为无法纳入劳动法的一般雇佣关系提供规则,也架起劳动法和民法沟通的桥梁,为劳动关系适用民法规则提供制度的连结点。未来我国民法典应规定雇佣合同规则,应采德国模式在债法的合同法部分规定雇佣合同,规定雇佣合同最基本的规则。
关键词 民法典 雇佣合同 劳动合同
Abstract: The style of employment (labor) contractual specifications in civil code generally experienced three stages: French mode, Germany mode and Switzerland and Italy mode, and the employment relationship gradually evolved into labor relationship. The transformation from employment contract to the labor contract embodies the profound change of concept and content of the employment relationship, and the labor law has independently developed besides the civil law. Although the labor relationship adjusting function of the civil code is weakening, it is necessary for the employment contractual specifications to exist. Employment contractual specifications not only provide rules for the general employment relationships which cannot be included into the labor law, but also provide a bridge for labor law and civil law to communicate with each other and a system connection point for the labor relationship applied general rules of civil law. In the future, China's civil code should stipulate the employment contractual specifications and stipulate employment contract by adopting the contract law part in the debt law of Germany mode and formulate basic rules of employment contract.