作者：汤文平
作者介绍：暨南大学法学院副教授，法学博士
出版日期：2016年10月9日
内容提要 法律行为被撤销或被认定无效后的返还清算问题是一个极大的难题,现行法及《民法总则(草案)》均以简易条文"大事化了",相关问题链条在简易条文里未获解决,在已有学说及判例中也难窥全豹。而当前民法总则立法既是为未来民法典再立一编,也是民法典编纂竣工的前奏。应就返还清算这一立法主题理清问题链条,进一步广泛汲取比较法经验,打通总分则,将撤销、无效、解除等等解消情形冶于一炉,综览不当得利返还、解除后返还、所有人——占有人返还乃至损害赔偿规则,力争在民法"三重"体系中以统合的清算规则一揽子解决问题。在此过程中,从解释论到立法论的演绎与突破将获全面展示,并将充分彰显我国民法典编纂的后发优势。
关键词 法律行为无效 返还清算 不当得利
Abstract: Once the legal acts are deemed void or canceled, the problem of restitution and liquidation will become very fiendish: the current law and the "General Principles of Civil Law (Draft) " has been simplified with plain articles, issues related to the chain is unresolved and it is difficult to peep the whole picture in the existing theories and precedents. If we lack the awareness of problem, let alone solving it. It should be fully realized that the legislation of the "General Principles of Civil Law" not only enriches the content of the Civil Code in the future, and also indicates its completion. In this sense, we should ravel out the problem of restitution and liquidation, further absorb a wide range of comparative law experience and get through the general and specific provisions. In addition to this, we are expected to tackle the dissolution such as revocation, invalidity and rescission of legal acts, make a comprehensive review of the improper profit return, post-rescission return, seizor return and even the damage compensation rules, in pursuit of solving a package of problems with the integrated dissolution rules in the Triple System of the civil law. In this process, the deduction and breakthrough of interpretative theory and legislative theory will be on full display, which fully manifests the late-mover advantages of the compilation of the civil law.