作者：熊勇先
作者介绍：海南大学法学院副教授，法学博士
出版日期：2016年10月9日
内容提要 争议专属经济区因国家间权利主张冲突而产生,维权行政执法具有强化行政管辖权、维护海洋权益等积极意义,但为了履行国际义务、适应海洋战略以及服务周边外交政策,在考量违法行为主体、性质与程度等因素的基础上,我国海上执法主体应在争议专属经济区内对执法方式和强度进行自我克制和约束以开展适度性执法。而适度性执法需要遵循比例、平等以及对等原则,并从限定主体、选择方式、降低强度以及避免武力使用等方面加以实施。我国在争议专属经济区内的维权行政执法实践体现了适度性,但应继续推进适度性执法,并开展与其他当事国间的海上行政执法合作。
关键词 争议专属经济区 维权行政执法 适度性执法 执法合作
Abstract: The disputed EEZ results from the conflicts of claims among countries. The act of preserving administrative enforcement plays a positive role in enhancing administrative jurisdiction and safeguarding maritime rights. With the purpose of fulfilling international obligations, adapting to the maritime strategy and serving the good-neighborly policy, China's maritime enforcement body should exercise moderate enforcement in its manners and intensity through self-restraint in the disputed EEZ on the basis of the factors such as illegal body, nature and extent. And the moderate enforcement needs to obey the principle of ratio, equality and reciprocity and be implemented from body limitation, mode selection, strength reduction and avoidance of violence. China's practice of preserving administrative enforcement in the disputed EEZ reflects its moderation, which requires China to continue to promote law enforcement and carry out the cooperation with other parties on the maritime administrative enforcement.