作者：刘练军
作者介绍：杭州师范大学法学院教授
出版日期：2016年12月9日
内容提要 《宪法》第9条第1款规定自然资源属于国家所有。该条款的规范特性决定了它属于不完全法条。结合其他宪法条款可知,此条款的价值目标在于作为主权代理人的国家负有保障自然资源得到公平分配和有效利用,防范对自然资源的破坏性采掘,并治理由不当利用所造成的生态失衡和环境污染。因而,对该条款应当作制度性保障解释。自然资源国家所有的制度性保障不但要求立法者对自然资源建构多层级的法律制度体系,而且该制度体系的结构及内容必须符合基本权利保障的现代宪法要求,以使国民能够公平地获取自然资源物,并对之切实享有所有权、用益物权等权益。
关键词 自然资源 国家所有制度性保障 宪法解释
Abstract: Article 9(1) of the Constitution provides all natural resources are owned by the State. This provision's normalizing feature determines that it belongs to incomplete law article. According to other Constitutional provisions, the value and goal of this article is a sovereign agent the state is responsible for ensuring fair allocation and effective use of natural resources, and prevents the destructive extraction of natural resources, and governs the ecological unbalance and environmental pollution caused by improper use of natural resources. Therefore, article 9(1) can only be construed as institutional guarantee. According to this interpretation method, natural resources owned by the state not only asks lawmakers to construct the legal system of multiple levels of natural resources, but also the structure and content of the system must conform to the requirements of protecting fundamental rights of the modern constitution, so that citizens can obtain natural resources impartially, and to enjoy the ownership, usufruct and other rights and interests.