作者：王建学
作者介绍：厦门大学法学院副教授，法学博士
出版日期：2017年8月9日
内容提要 我国通行的单一制理论历来采取一种关于地方事权的三段论,它在理论渊源上存在体系性断层,在实践发展上则僵化滞后。《宪法》第3条第4款确立地方主动性和积极性原则,第三章则为地方事权提供具体保障,因此与规范固有权说相契合。宪法中的地方政府事权在类型上包括地方自主事权与中央委托事权。在推进各级政府事权规范化和法律化的过程中须甄别两类事权,围绕自主事权应塑造地方自主法律制度,使地方人大和政府共同兴办地方事业并向地方人民负责,对于委托事权应以国务院为中心实现委托的扁平化和规范化。当前央地事权划分实践亟需准确认识地方政府事权的法理基础与宪法结构,并在此基础上由政策型划分模式向法理型划分模式转化。
关键词 地方事权 新固有权说 民主集中制 双重领导
Abstract: The dominating theory of unitary state, which always sticks to a "syllogism" of local power, not only ignored its whole theoretical panoramic source but also fell behind in the development of practice. The current Chinese Constitution that confirms the principle of local initiative and enthusiasm in paragraph 4 of article 3, and provides a concrete guarantee for local powers in Chapter 3, corresponds to the theory of standardizing inherent local power. The powers of local governments are divided into local self-government power and centrally empowered power. In the process of normalization and legalization of powers division among governments at all levels, these two kinds of powers should be distinguished. Local self-government system should be established on local self-government power in order to conduct local enterprises by local people's congress and government under the responsibility to the people, while flat and normative design should be applied to centrally empowered power. The current policy guiding practice should return to the jurisprudence normalizing model by