作者：王锴
作者介绍：北京航空航天大学法学院教授，博士生导师
出版日期：2017年6月9日
内容提要 由于人与人格、人的尊严与人格尊严、人的尊严与一般人格权存在不同,我国《宪法》第38条所规定的"人格尊严"无法与德国基本法上的"人的尊严"进行简单的类比或者等同。我国《宪法》第38条所规定的"人格尊严"更倾向于一般人格权,将人格与尊严放在一起只是为了提高人格权的保护力度。民法上一般人格权是宪法上一般人格权"间接"适用于民法的产物,同时,民法典规定一般人格权成为民事立法者落实基本权利国家保护义务的结果。宪法上一般人格权和民法上一般人格权都旨在对未列举的人格权进行保护,其具体内容都需要通过司法实践来进行填补,但是这种填补必须依据宪法和民法上有关一般人格权的规定来进行,这是法官依法审判的应有之义。一般人格权内容的非法定并不排斥其依据的法定。
关键词 人格 人的尊严 人格尊严 一般人格权 基本权利的第三者效力
Abstract: Due to the differences between human and personality, human dignity and personal dignity, human dignity and general personality right, " personal dignity" stipulated in article 38 of the Constitutional Law of the PRC is not equal to "human dignity" in German Basic Law. Personal dignity in article 38 of the Constitutional Law of the PRC should be interpreted as the general personality right, and the reason of putting personality and dignity together is to further protect the right of personality. The general personality right of civil law indirectly originates from the general personality right of the constitution, while the general personality right stipulated by the Civil Code is a result that legislative organ carry out its duty of protecting the general personality right of the Constitution. The purpose of the general personality right of both the Constitution and the civil law is to protect non-enumerated personality rights, so general personality rights need be concreted by judicial authority, but these are not reasons to oppose general personality right fixed by civil law code.