作者：许可
作者介绍：中国人民大学法学院教师博士后
出版日期：2017年4月9日
内容提要 公司权力如何在股东会和董事会之间分配是公司法的核心问题之一。在股东优位主义和董事会优位主义的脉络下,我国学者多认为中国公司法偏向前者,而后者为世界潮流。然而,比较法上的观察表明:各国并无一定之规,我国法亦有另外解释的可能。因此,公司分权的道路选择不应以一国一地的做法为圭臬,而应诉诸功能进路和经济分析。基于交易成本节省的原则,不同类型的公司权力应在充分考量具体情势的前提下,在股东会和董事会之间妥当分配,最终令股东会和董事会各自享有独立且对等的权力,并通过合作共同促进公司治理的提升,这就是股东会和董事会"同等主义"的意义所在。
关键词 股东优位主义董事会优位主义 交易成本 分权 同等主义
Abstract: How the corporate powers are divided between the General Shareholders Meeting and Board of Directors is a core problem of corporate law. In the context of shareholder primacy and director primacy, Chinese scholars believe Chinese corporate law prefers the former, while the latter reflects the trend of world. However, the observation of comparative law indicates that there is no uniform pattern across countries and possibility of another interpretation of Chinese corporate law. As such, the choice of way to separation of corporate powers should appeal to functional reasoning and economic analysis instead of foreign laws. Based on the principle of transaction cost reduction, the kind of corporate powers are assigned to the General Shareholders Meeting and Board of Directors properly after comprehensive consideration of specific situations. At last, the General Shareholders Meeting and Board of Directors have the independent and reciprocal powers, and improve the corporate governance through mutual cooperation, which is the meaning of theory of parity.