作者：崔建远
作者介绍：暨南大学法学院、知识产权学院周枏讲席教授
出版日期：2017年4月9日
内容提要 编纂中国民法典,仍应设置物权编,而非财产法编。在物权种类上,应当缓和物权法定主义,保持物权种类的多样性和开放性,增设居住权、典权和农地经营权,区分地表、地上和地下三种不同的建设用地使用权,承认法定地役权制度。在物权效力上,应当明确物权的追及效力,取消抵押物转让需要取得抵押权人同意的规定,协调海域使用权与其他权利之间的关系,妥善设计房地权属的基本内容及其例外规则。在物权变动上,明确基于法律行为的不动产物权变动都以登记为生效要件,指示交付无须以"依法占有"为前提,基于法律行为的特殊动产的物权变动以交付为生效要件、登记为对抗要件,增加添附、先占等作为物权变动的原因。在物权客体上,创设共用物制度,慎重对待"动产用益物权",明确矿藏、水流等特殊客体的法律地位。
关键词 物权编立法 物权法定主义 物权变动 物权客体
Abstract: The property rights shall be an independent compilation of the Chinese Civil Code. In the classification of property rights, the variety and openness on the classification of property rights shall be remained, and right to residence, right to impawn, right to operate agricultural land, and different rights to use constitution land shall be added. In the effectiveness of property rights, the right to recourse shall be clarified, certain provisions shall be abolished, the relation between right to use sea area and other rights shall be coordinated, and the basic contents and exception of ownership of premises shall be designed. In the change of property rights, the change of immovable property can be effective only after registration, delivery will no more be the premise of "possession by law", the change of special movable property stipulated by law can be effective only after registration, and accessio and occupatio shall be deemed as the reason of change of property rights. In the object of property rights, the system of res communes shall be created, the usufruct of movable property shall be carefully treated, and the legal status of special objects such as mineral resources and water shall he clarified.