作者：张鸣起
作者介绍：十二届全国人民代表大会常务委员会委员、法律委员会副主任委员，中国法学会副会长
出版日期：2017年4月9日
内容提要 《民法总则》的制定过程可以从政治决定与政治推动、立法进程、学者和公众参与三方面进行阐述。《民法总则》在承继《民法通则》相关制度的基础上,又有重大的理论创新,其规定具备体系性与合理性。《民法通则》以来的中国民事立法,曾受到德国民法和前苏俄民法的影响,但是探索和走出了一条具有鲜明中国特色的道路。《民法总则》的制定是我国全面推进依法治国、建设社会主义法治国家的总体战略的重要组成部分,注重对民事权利的保护,提升了公民的人身权地位,实现了维护公有制的经济基础与财产权平等保护之间的合理平衡,充分体现了保护个人信息数据和网络虚拟财产的时代特征、巩固社会主义制度与发展市场经济的历史任务、践行社会主义核心价值观的基本要求以及节约资源、保护生态的发展理念。
关键词 《民法总则》《民法总则》的立法过程《民法总则》的主要特色
Abstract: The first part of article demonstrates the process of establishing the General Principles of the Civil Code from three aspects, which are political decision and political promotion, legislative process, and scholar and public participation. The second part of article systematically introduces the main contents of each chapter of the General Principles of the Civil Code, and specially points out the mutual relation between the General Principles of the Civil Code and the General Principles of the Civil Law. The third part of article summaries the institutional features and theoretical innovation of the General Principles of the Civil Code, and believes that Chinese civil law exploration has clearly Chinese characteristics since the enactment of the General Principles of the Civil Law though the development of Chinese civil law has been deeply influenced by the civil law in Germany and the Soviet Union. The establishment of the Civil Code and the General Principles of the Civil Code is a significant part of comprehensively promoting the state governance by the rule of law, and Chinese civil law has paid attention to various civil law protections, especially the protection on personal rights, personal information and data, online virtual assets. The General Principles of the Civil Code reflects the requirement of socialist institution and market economy, and socialist core values and green idea of development of saving resources and protecting ecology have been comprehensively reflected.