作者：夏正林
作者介绍： 华南理工大学法学院教授，博士生导师
出版日期：2017年2月9日
内容提要 国内一些学者提出的"合宪性解释"理论,主张法院在作出裁判前应先对相关法律进行合乎宪法的解释,以把宪法的精神在司法审判中得以贯彻,也保证了相关法律在宪法下运行。该理论致力于解决实践中宪法效力虚置的问题,并为实现以宪法为统帅的统一的国家法秩序提供理论支撑。然而,该理论毕竟是在借鉴德国和美国的相关理论基础上形成的,中国与相关国家的宪法实践的实际情况并不相同,法院不享有违宪审查权,不能简单套用,否则就会出现"泛化"的危险。但引进合宪解释理论有其必要性,把其与全国人大常委会的解释互相补充、互相配合,可以形成一个完整的宪法解释制度。
关键词 合宪性解释 违宪审查 独立审判 宪法价值实现
Abstract: The theory of constitutionality interpretation put forward by some domestic scholars advocated that the court should make constitutionality interpretations of relevant laws before making a judgment, in order to carry out the spirit of the Constitution in the judicial trial, which ensures that relevant laws run under the Constitution. The theory is devoted to solving the problem of the virtual effect of the Constitution in practice, and to provide theoretical support for the realization of the unified national law order which is based on the Constitution. However, this theory is formed in reference to related theories in Germany and the US. It should be noted that the actual situation of constitutional practice in China and relevant countries is not the same, the court does not enjoy the right of constitutional review and cannot simply apply this theory, otherwise there will be a danger of generalization. It is necessary to introduce the theory of constitutionality interpretation, which can mutually complement and cooperate with interpretations of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress to form a complete constitutionality interpretation system.