作者：焦海涛
作者介绍：安徽大学法学院副教授，中国政法大学博士后流动站研究人员
出版日期：2017年2月9日
内容提要 "竞争关系"应当作为不正当竞争行为认定的前置标准,只有直接或间接损害了竞争对手利益,进而损害了正当竞争秩序的行为才宜认定为不正当竞争行为。我国现行《反不正当竞争法》列举的不正当竞争行为,有些属于其他性质的违法行为;2016年《反不正当竞争法》(修订草案送审稿)剔除了一些非不正当竞争行为的内容,但保留并增加了一些非不正当竞争行为的类型。反不正当竞争是维护市场公平竞争秩序之法,无关公平竞争秩序的违法行为不宜在本法中规定;即便不正当竞争行为与其他违法行为发生竞合,也应根据不同的行为性质来选择相应的责任追究与权利救济模式。
关键词 不正当竞争行为 实用主义 竞争关系 公平竞争秩序
Abstract: In the identification of unfair competition behavior, there exists typical tendency of pragmatism in judicial practice and theory, which more concentrates on the result of law application, and the illegal behaviors without competition relation are also identified as unfair competition behaviors. Pragmatism is against the basic logic of law application, wheih is easy to cause the conflict of legal system and does not correspond with the tendency to refinement and integration of law development. The competition relation should be the prepositive standard for the identification of unfair competition behavior. Only those behaviors that directly or indirectly harm the competitors' interests and fair competition order can be regarded as unfair competition behavior. Some of the unfair competition behaviors listed in current Anti-Unfair Competition Law of the People's Republic of China belong to illegal behaviors with other nature. Some content that does not belong to unfair competition behavior is deleted in the 2016 Anti-Unfair Competition Law (Revised Draft), but some types that are not regarded as unfair competition behaviors are kept and increased. Anti-Unfair Competition Law maintains the order of fair competition in the market, and illegal behaviors not related to the order are not appropriate to be stipulated in this law. Even if unfair competition behavior has the competition with other illegal behaviors, corresponding accountability and right relief pattern should be chosen according to different behavior features.