作者：彭錞
作者介绍：北京大学法学院助理教授，法学博士
出版日期：2018年12月9日
内容提要 《政府信息公开条例》修订草案删除原法第37条的"参照适用"规定,将公共企事业单位信息公开交由主管行政部门负责,维持甚至强化其与条例主体部分的差异,呈现"脱条例化"趋势,理由在于认为通过行政管理权而非司法权才是推进相关工作的现实可行方案。然而,10年实践表明:由于责任分配不清、科层压力不够,行政保障面临制度配套不足、考评追责乏力和监督救济缺失的困境;法院则突破限制,探索多样化的审查方式,对公共企事业单位的信息公开活动积极开展监督。因此,可欲且可行的改革方向应是"入条例化",使公共企事业单位信息公开回归政府信息公开制度的一般原理和基本架构,明确其适用《条例》,并通过设置申诉前置程序引入复议和诉讼救济。
关键词 公共企事业单位 信息公开 脱条例化 入条例化 信息公开诉讼
Abstract: The revised draft of the Open Government Information Regulation of 2017 deletes the provision of "reference to the application" in article 37 of the Open Government Information Regulation of 2008, confirms that the governing administrative department is in charge of information disclosure of public enterprises and institutions, maintains or even strengthens its difference with the main part of the Regulation, and presents the trend of "removing from the regulation", whose reason is that the adoption of administrative power rather than judicial power is a realistic and feasible plan to promote the relevant work. However, a decade of effort shows that administrative guarantee is faced with the predicament of insufficient system support, weak evaluation and accountability, and lacking supervision and relief due to the unclear distribution of responsibilities and insufficient hierarchical pressure. While the court breaks through the restriction, explores the diversified review methods, and actively supervises the information disclosure activities of public enterprises and institutions. Therefore, the desired and feasible reform direction should be getting into the regulation", so that information disclosure of public enterprises and institutions goes back to the general principle and basic framework of open government information system, clarifies its application of the Regulation, and brings in reconsideration and litigation relief through the establishment of an appeal pre-procedure.