作者：任喜荣
作者介绍：吉林大学理论法学研究中心、 吉林大学法学院教授
出版日期：2018年12月9日
内容提要 我国的宪法审查机制在整体上表现出不活跃的特征,法规备案审查主要是"合法性审查"而尚无"合宪性审查"的实例、具备宪法效力的宪法条文个案解释阙如、通过"合宪性宣告"实现对法律的合宪性解释现象突出。由于文化内涵的模糊性和文化领域的广泛性,实践中国家文化权力的裁量空间巨大,合宪性判断缺失的现状在文化领域表现突出。成熟的宪法解释以及活跃的司法裁判说理是破解制度难题的发展方向。但是,从目前的情况看,不论是宪法条文本身,还是司法实践都存在一系列问题,不能有效"激活"合宪性审查机制,严重制约了宪法的实施效果,削弱了宪法的权威性。如何在人民代表大会制度框架下"激活"我国宪法审查机制需要做深入的理论研究。
关键词 宪法解释 合宪性审查 合法性审查 国家文化义务 文化权利
Abstract: The constitution review mechanism in China shows the characteristics of inactivity on the whole, in which record and inspection of regulations is mainly legitimacy review and has no example of constitutionality review, there is the lack of interpretation of constitutionality provisions with the validity of the Constitution, and the phenomenon of constitutionality interpretation to the law through the declaration of constitutionality is noteworthy. As the fuzziness of the cultural connotation and the universality of the cultural field, the discretionary space of national cultural power in practice is huge, and the status quo of the lack of constitutionality judgment is obvious in the field of culture. In view of the above system practice, mature constitutional interpretation and active judicial judgment reasoning are the development direction of solving the difficult problems of the system. However, from the current situation, both the constitutional provisions and the judicial practice have a series of problems, cannot effectively activate the constitutionality review mechanism, seriously restrict the implementation effect of the Constitution, and weaken the authority of the Constitution. How to activate the constitutionality review mechanism in China under the framework of people's congress system needs to do in-depth theoretical research.