作者：于文豪
作者介绍：中央财经大学法学院副教授，法学博士
出版日期：2018年12月9日
内容提要 2018年宪法修改,"宪法和法律委员会"成为全国人大的专门委员会。在其各项职责中,"推进合宪性审查"具有关键意义。宪法和法律委员会协助全国人大及其常委会开展合宪性审查等工作,应当成为合宪性审查工作的主要推动者和实际承担者。为此,应当在统一审议法律草案、规范性文件备案审查、协助开展执法检查等监督工作以及选举、宪法解释等工作中,为其配置适当的合宪性审查职权。在行使职权的过程中,宪法和法律委员会需要处理好其与原法律委员会之间的职能关系,并处理好与全国人大及其常委会、其他专门委员会以及法制工作委员会等工作机构之间的关系,同时也要处理好与国务院、人民法院等其他国家机关之间的关系。宪法和法律委员会的合宪性审查职责需要在组织、权力、程序、责任等环节实现制度化和规范化。
关键词 宪法和法律委员会 人民代表大会制度 合宪性审查 宪法实施 宪法监督
Abstract: In 2018, when the Constitution of China was amended, the Constitution and Law Committee became a specialized committee of the NPC. Among its responsibilities, "promoting constitutionality review" is of vital importance. The Constitution and Law Committee, which assists the NPC and its Standing Committee in carrying out constitutionality review and other work, should be the main promoter and the actual guarantor of the constitutionality review. Therefore, we should allocate appropriate authorities of Therefore, we constitutionality review for it in unified deliberation of draft laws, record and review of normative documents, assistance in law enforcement inspection and other supervision work, election, and constitutional interpretation. In the process of exercising its authorities, the Constitution and Law Committee should properly deal with its functional relation with the former Law Committee, and handle relationships with the NPC and its Standing Committee, and other specialized committees of NPC, Legislative Affairs Commission and other institutions. Meanwhile, it should also handle well the relationships with the State Council, people's courts and other state organs. The constitutionality review function of the Constitution and Law Committee needs to be institutionalized and standardized in organization, power, procedure, responsibility and other aspects.