作者：汪世荣
作者介绍：西北政法大学教授，博士生导师
出版日期：2018年12月9日
内容提要 基层社会治理现代化需要遵守基层社会治理的内在逻辑,并从制度供给的角度,提供充足资源。"枫桥经验"的基本做法是完善中央立法、地方立法和社会规范的三层治理制度体系,形成自上而下和自下而上相结合的基层社会制度供给状态。"枫桥经验"健全完善的各类社团组织章程、村规民约(社区公约)、风俗习惯等社会规范,在基层社会治理中扮演着不可替代的角色。在"枫桥经验"的治理实践中,充分发挥了社会规范的作用,实现最大限度整体性预防化解矛盾纠纷的效果。"枫桥经验"在制度供给方面的启示,一是充分发挥村规民约在社会规范中的主体地位,二是发挥各类社团章程作用,三是进行习惯调查,推动社会规范显性化。
关键词 村规民约 制度供给 基层治理 枫桥经验 制度体系
Abstract: To realize the modernization of grassroots society governance, we should abide by the internal logic of grassroots society governance, and provide sufficient resources from the perspective of institutional supply. The basic practice of Fengqiao Experience is to improve the three-layer governance system of central legislation, local legislation and social norms, and form the supply condition of grassroots social system by combining the laws and rules stipulated by the upper and lower legislators and the communities. The social norms improved by the Fengqiao Experience, such as various regulations of associations and organizations, village rules and non-governmental agreements (community conventions) and local customs, have played irreplaceable roles in the grassroots society governance. In the governance practice of Fengqiao Experience, we should give full play to the roles of social norms and realize the effect of maximizing holistic prevention and resolving contradictions and disputes. The enlightenment of Fengqiao Experience in institutional supply is as follows: firstly, giving full play to the main position of village rules and non-governmental agreements in social norms; secondly, making various corporate regulations play roles; thirdly, carrying out customary investigation and promote the process of the emergence of social norms.