Shao Denghui
Article 69 of China’s Personal Information Protection Law establishes a compensation system for damages resulting from violations of personal information rights. However, it does not adequately address the challenge of quantifying such damages. The intangible and uncertain nature of the consequences of personal information rights infringement makes it difficult to calculate the amount of damages within the existing legal framework, leading to issues such as the difficulty for victims to exercise the right to claim compensation, the difficulty in curbing illegal acts of personal information rights infringement, and the risk of arbitrary rulings by judges. Statutory compensation has unique value in relieving victims, deterring illegal acts, and improving the efficiency of litigation, and can serve as a supplementary scheme for calculating compensation. The structure of the statutory compensation system should clearly defi ne the order of application, prohibit its application out of the prescribed order, adopt a differentiated compensation amount based on the classification of personal information, establish mechanisms to prevent excessive compensation amounts for different scenarios, and clearly defi ne the discretionary factors for compensation, thereby improving the effectiveness of the application of statutory compensation.
内容提要 我国《个人信息保护法》第69条规定了个人信息权益侵害损害赔偿制度，但并未完全解决损害的量化难题。个人信息权益侵害后果的无形性和不确定性使赔偿额的计算无法在既有法律框架展开，这导致受害人赔偿请求权难以实现、个人信息侵权违法难以遏制、法官恣意裁判的风险较大等问题。法定赔偿在受害人救济、违法行为阻却以及提升诉讼效率方面具有独特价值，可作为赔偿计算的补充性方案。法定赔偿制度的构造应明确适用顺位并禁止越序适用，采用个人信息类型化基础上的差异化赔偿额设定模式，针对不同场景设定防止巨额赔偿的机制，同时应对赔偿的酌定因素予以明确规定，以此提升法定赔偿适用实效。