Tan Ji
Within the new model of integrated medical and elderly care services, elderly-related data manifest a composite rights structure that integrates both public and private law dimensions. The granular and multi-dimensional nature and heightened sensitivity of such data, combined with the inherent vulnerability and dependency of elderly-related data subjects, render the regulatory landscape particularly complex. Existing mechanisms for data circulation reveal deficiencies, including fragmented legal norms, indeterminate allocation of data ownership, and supervisory inadequacy. This paper conducts a doctrinal inquiry into the legal relationships among multiple stakeholders across three principal dimensions: data service authorisation, data transmission and operation, and data supervision and safeguard. It proposes a regulatory framework based on a dual-track mechanism—combining top-down harmonisation of existing legal provisions with bottom-up implementation of data trusts—supported by a comprehensive oversight architecture involving government agencies, public interest organisations, and industry associations. This framework is intended to ensure the effective protection of the rights and interests of digitally vulnerable elderly individuals.
内容提要 在新型医养结合养老服务中，涉老数据因其多维性与敏感性，叠加数据主体的脆弱性与依赖性，呈现出公私法交融的复杂权益特征。当前涉老数据流通存在法律规范之间衔接不畅、数据权属虚化以及相关部门监管不足等问题。对此，应从数据服务授权、数据传输运行与数据监督保障三个层次审视多元主体之间法律关系，建构以“自上而下协调既有规范、自下而上引入数据信托”的双轨制实现路径与“政府－社会公益组织－行业协会”的全链式规制主体为核心内容的涉老数据流通规制体系，以期维护数字弱势群体权益。