作者：左卫民
作者介绍：四川大学法学院教授
出版日期：2018年8月9日
内容提要 在中国改革开放四十年之际,考察与研究"诉讼爆炸"及其中国应对在学术上具有相当价值。以一个都会区为样本的实证研究显示,民事案件的诉讼量经历一个暴增的过程,这与中国社会转型时期的经济发展、社会观念与公共政策紧密相关,法院也因此承受着较重的案件负荷。为了应对暴增的诉讼,法院除了采用增人、加班等传统方式外,亦采取了诸如强化审判管理、简化程序、转移非审判事务等措施,并取得了相当效果。这充分显示中国法院系统具有强大的适应性、调整性与创新性。当然,这些措施在缓解人案矛盾上实际所起的作用存在差异。鉴于未来中国民事案件仍将处于上升趋势,甚至可能迎来新一轮的诉讼爆炸,法院系统应该根据既有经验,未雨绸缪地做好案件数量增加的应对准备。
关键词 民事案件 案多人少 应对策略 体制的适应性
Abstract: Investigating and researching "litigation explosion" and the response in China is valuable in the academic field to mark the 40th anniversary of Chinese reform and opening up. The empirical research with a metropolitan area as the sample shows that the litigation amount of civil cases undergoes a process of explosion, which is closely related to the economic development, social concept and public policy in the period of social transformation in China, the court therefore bears heavy case load. In order to deal with the explosion of litigation, in addition to employ staffs, work overtime and apply other traditional means, the court also adopts measures such as strengthening trial management, simplifying procedures, transferring non trial affairs, and achieves positive effect. This fully shows that the Chinese court system is greatly adaptive, adjustable and innovative. Certainly, there are differences in the actual effect of these measures in alleviating the contradiction of person and case. Since Chinese civil cases in the future will still be on the upward trend, and may even bring a new round of litigation explosion, the court system should early prepare for the increase in the number of cases based on the experience.