作者：陈柏峰
作者介绍：中南财经政法大学法学院教授，博士生导师
出版日期：2018年6月9日
内容提要 改革开放后,最早的法律实证研究受到共产党的调研传统影响,以描述法律实践状况、提供立法和政策参考为依归。后来的研究受法制现代化思潮影响,以农民的法律意识、权利意识为研究内容,有较强的价值预设,因问题意识外在于实践而未形成学术传统。苏力的研究着眼微观场景反思法制现代化范式,诉诸事理阐释法理,从理论关切回应现实,在学界掀起了一股浪潮,但因实践取向不彻底而未形成可传承的学术传统。目前,法律实证研究在回应法治实践需求中繁荣发展,问题意识更加广泛,研究视野更加开阔,方法运用更加丰富。同时,也出现了分化,在不同学科中分布不平衡,呈现出"法律实证研究"与"法律经验研究"的分野。在繁荣与分化的背后,法律实证研究面临总体性挑战,缺乏宏大集中的问题意识和理论关怀。因此,需要开拓多学科的理论视野,强化面向中国的问题意识和理论意识,开展多层次学术共同体的建设。
关键词 法律实证研究 问题意识 法治实践 学术传统
Abstract: After the reform and opening-up policy, inchoate empirical legal research was mainly based on describing the condition of legal practice and providing reference for legislation and policy under the influence of tradition of investigation research by Communist Party of China. Later, influenced by the ideological trend of modernization of legal system, empirical legal research put the legal consciousness and rights consciousness as content, which has strong value presupposition. Because that the consciousness of problems is not consistent with practice, the research failed to form an academic tradition. Through the normal form of reflecting on the modernization of legal system with microcosmic scene, Su Li's research explains legal principle in virtue of reasonable regulations, and responds to the reality with theoretical concerns. Although his research has set off an academic trend of thought, it has not been able to form an academic tradition which can be inherited without continuous practice tropism. At present, the empirical legal research is developing prosperously by responding to the demand of the rule of law practice. It includes a wider range of issues, broader research horizons, and a richer approach. But at the same time, it differentiates into quantitative legal research and qualitative legal research with uneven distribution in different disciplines. Behind the prosperity and differentiation, empirical legal research is facing the general challenge due to lack of consciousness of problems and theoretical concerns. Therefore, scholars need to explore the theoretical field of multi-disciplines, strengthen the problem consciousness and theoretical consciousness which is related to China, and build a multi-level academic community.