作者：张 红
作者介绍：中南财经政法大学法学院教授
出版日期：2014年2月9日
内容提要 肖像权利益平衡是实务中的疑难问题, 表现为集体肖像权中的利益平衡、肖像权人与著作权人之间的利益平衡和肖像合理使用中公众与肖像权人之间的利益平衡。肖像权利益平衡应诉诸利益衡量的方法予以解决。应在保证个体肖像利益实现的同时, 平衡集体中之个体间利益以实现集体肖像利益最大化。对于创作作品肖像权, 应区别委托作品和非委托作品, 实现同一作品中著作权与肖像权之间的利益平衡, 并以此使肖像作品社会价值最大化。肖像权人权利行使应止于合理界限, 参照著作权合理使用制度, 肖像权亦应允许他人合理使用。
关键词 肖像权 集体肖像 著作人格权 合理使用 利益平衡
Abstract: The interest balance of the right of portrait is the difficult problem in practice, which shows up in the balance of the collective right of portrait, the balance between the portrait owners and copyright owners, and the balance between the public and the portrait owners in the fair use of the right of portrait. The interest balance of the right of portrait should resort to way of the interest measurement. We should guarantee the realization of the individual's interest of portrait, at the same time achieve the benefit maximization of the collective right of portrait through the balance of the individual's interests. As to the right of portrait of the original works, we should distinguish between the commissioned works and the non- commissioned works, achieve the balance between the portrait owners and copyright owners in the same work, and maximize the social value of the portrait work. The exercise of rights of the portrait owners should limit to reasonable degree, referring to the fair use of copyright, the right of portrait should also allow others to be fair used.