作者：王德志
作者介绍：山东大学法学院教授，博士生导师
出版日期：2014年6月9日
内容提要 目前，法学界对于劳动权的研究大多是从劳动法的角度展开的，从宪法角 度所进行的劳动权研究大多也是在用我国劳动法第 3 条的内容解读我国宪法第 42 条劳动 权的含义，陷入了“以劳动法解释宪法”的方法论误区。笔者认为，对于宪法劳动权的理论 建构，应当立基于“以宪法解释宪法”的原则上，从宪法文本以及宪法变迁中探求宪法劳动 权的内涵。自 1954 年宪法以来的几部宪法文本中，我国宪法劳动权的规范表述形式并没 有明显的改变，但是，改革开放以来的宪法变迁，主要是所有制结构改革和社会主义市场经 济体制的确立，却赋予宪法劳动权和劳动的概念以全新的含义，并使职业自由成为我国宪 法劳动权存在和运行的主要形态。
关键词 宪法劳动权 劳动职业自由 营业自由
Abstract: For now，right to work is usually studied from the perspective of labor law in our jurisprudential circle． Even if it is studied from the perspective of constitution，it just explains the meaning of article 42 of Constitution of the People＇s Ｒepublic of China by using content of article 3 of Labor law of the People＇s Ｒepublic of China． This leads the study to the wrong method of “using labor law to explain constitution ”． I think，as to the theory construction of constitution al right to work，it should be based on the principle of “using constitution to explain constitution”，searching for the connotation of the constitutional right to work from the constitution text and constitution evolution． There is no obvious change in the standard expression form of the constitutional right to work since the 1954 and the after version of constitution text． However，the constitution evolution since the reform and open，mainly about ownership structure reform and the establishment of socialist market economy system， has given brand new connotations to the constitutional right to work and labor，and make profession liberty become main form of existence and operation of our constitutional right to work．