作者：梁云宝
作者介绍：东南大学法学院讲师，法学博士
出版日期：2014年10月9日
内容提要 德、日刑法通说关于构成事实错误与不能犯之间是正反面对应关系的传统 命题存在重大问题。要维持这一命题的正确性，必须剔除打击错误、因果历程错误、主体不 能等不应属于构成事实错误或不能犯的内容。不能犯的独特结构决定了它不具有可罚性， 德、日刑法在不能犯立法例上的不同不是关于可罚性的差异，对此我国学者存在认识误区。 不能犯不可罚不等于不能犯行为人必定不犯罪，以此来解释和指导我国司法实践，才能实 现逻辑周延和体系协调。
关键词 错误 构成事实错误 反面的构成事实错误 不能犯
Abstract: Both positive and negative relationship crimes’misunderstanding on their own criminal behaviors and unrealized offense in both Germany and Japan，as a traditional proposition，have significant problems． In order to maintain the correctness of this proposition，it is necessary to avoid the mistake of wrongfully cracking down crime，? the mistake of causation，and the fact that impossibility of subjects does not belong to crimes’ misunderstanding on their own criminal behaviors or unrealized offense． The unique structure of unrealized offense determines that this offense cannot be punished． Unrealized offense does not mean that the offenders of unrealized offense will not commit crimes． Only after acknowledging this and using this to guide and explain judicial practices in China，China can achieve systematic coordination．