作者：郭松
作者介绍：四川大学法学院教授
出版日期：2026年4月9日
内容提要 传统司法运作模式在嵌入总体性社会结构的过程中实现对社会的有效治理。随着总体性社会加速向具有多元化、风险化与数字化特征的复杂社会转型，司法运作无法满足激增的多元司法需求，并难以维持与建构社会秩序。法院通过“搭建集成式诉讼服务平台、以技术赋能甚至部分替代人力、开发智能化办案系统与平台”三重核心机制来回应社会构成方式的变化。这一改革的实质是通过技术促进司法治理效能的提升，司法运作模式也由此得到重塑。受司法场域内部分结构性要素的影响，技术赋能司法的实际成效未达到预期；司法运作的平台化与系统化转向既可能形成“技术增负感”，也存在模糊“机器司法”界限的风险。司法运作模式的变迁可以折射出中国司法治理的基本逻辑：国家基于主要社会特征的变化来推动司法运作模式的调适，从而实现司法治理效能的持续与稳定输出。
关键词 复杂社会 司法运作模式 数字司法 数字技术 司法改革
Abstract: The traditional judicial model realizes the governance of society in the process of embedding the totality of society. As the totality society accelerates its transformation into a complex society characterized by pluralism, riskization and digitalization, the judicial operation is unable to meet the surging diverse judicial demands and struggles to maintain and construct social order. The court has responded to changes in the structure of society through three core mechanisms: establishing an integrated litigation service platform, empowering or even partially replacing human resources with technology, and developing intelligent case-handling systems and platforms. The essence of this reform lies in promoting the improvement of judicial governance efficiency through technology, thereby reshaping the judicial operation mode. Affected by some structural factors within the judicial field, the actual effectiveness of technological empowerment for justice has not met expectations. The shift of judicial operation toward platformization and systematization may not only generate a sense of ‘technology-induced burden’ but also carry the risk of blurring the boundaries of ‘machine-mediated justice’. The changes in the judicial operation models can reflect the basic logic of judicial governance in China, that is, the state promotes the adaptation of the judicial operation model based on the changes of the main social characteristics, so as to realize the continuous output of judicial governance effectiveness.