作者：姚莉
作者介绍：中南财经政法大学法学院教授
出版日期：2026年4月9日
内容提要 构建中国刑事检察自主知识体系是服务于中国特色社会主义法治体系建设的应有举措，是推动中国检察学自主知识体系创新发展的重要组成部分。中国刑事检察自主知识体系具有自主性、时代性和开放性的特征，可划分为司法理念、制度规范和实践经验三重核心要素，担负着支撑刑事检察实践、引领刑事检察改革和辐射法治建设全局的功能。中国刑事检察自主知识体系应以习近平法治思想为根本遵循，以宽严相济刑事政策为知识指引，与检察履职“两个回归”实现良性互动。当前检察机关履行法律监督职能时，在司法理念革新、制度体系优化和职权配置完善等方面仍存在亟待解决的问题，应通过构建中国刑事检察自主知识体系有针对性地予以回应，从而促进我国刑事检察工作不断迈向规范化、专业化和现代化。
关键词 刑事检察 法律监督 两个回归 检察学
Abstract: The construction of the independent knowledge system of China’s criminal prosecution constitutes a necessary measure in building the socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics. It is also an essential part of promoting the innovation and development of the independent knowledge system of China’s prosecutorial studies. Marked by independence, contemporaneity, and openness, this system comprises three core elements: judicial philosophy, institutional norms, and practical experience. It functions to support prosecutorial practice, guide prosecutorial reform, and influence the overall development of the rule of law. Rooted in Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law, guided by the criminal policy of tempering justice with mercy, and interacting positively with the prosecutorial orientation of the ‘two returns’, the independent knowledge system of China’s criminal prosecution has formed a dynamic relationship with prosecutorial functions. At present, core challenges remain in renewing judicial concepts, optimizing institutional systems, and refining the configuration of supervisory powers as the procuratorial organs fulfill legal supervision. These challenges should be addressed through the targeted development of the independent knowledge system of China’s criminal prosecution, so as to promote the standardization, specialization, and modernization of China’s criminal prosecution work.