作者：任重
作者介绍：清华大学法学院博士后研究人员
出版日期：2014年12月9日
内容提要 虚假诉讼法律成因及对策分析不仅对确定《民事诉讼法》第 56 条第 3 款结 果条件有决定意义，更对民事诉讼的体系结构调整有重要参考价值。以生效裁判对案外第 三人合法权益构成的侵害为标准，法律意义上的虚假诉讼只存在于合同被撤销后虚假诉讼 当事人回复所有权、协议不成时请求法院分割共有财产以及因虚假诉讼致使案外第三人无 法另行诉讼三种情形。对民事裁判作用方式的误读、对另行起诉制度的忽视以及既判力制 度的缺失构成虚假诉讼的根本法律成因，只有对以上问题作出实质回应，才能根本解决虚 假诉讼问题。
关键词 虚假诉讼 第三人撤销诉讼 裁判作用方式 另行起诉 既判力
Abstract: The analysis on the legal cause of false lawsuit and its solution plays a very important role for confirming the conditions of consequence under article 56 ( 3) of the Civil Procedure Law， and adjusting the architecture of civil procedure． According to the relationship between final decision and legal damage of the third party out of the lawsuit，the false lawsuit in the legal sense can be limited to three groups，which are the revocation of the contract，the partition of a commonly owned real property or movable property if no agreement is reached，and the obstacle of a new lawsuit for the third party out of the lawsuit． The misunderstanding for the operation of the final decision，the disregard of the new process for the third party out of the lawsuit and the absence of so-called Materielle Ｒechtskraft should be considered for the most important legal cause of false lawsuit． The solution of false lawsuit depends on the improvement of those defects in Chinese Civil Procedure．