作者：郑毅
作者介绍：中央民族大学法学院副教授，法学博士
出版日期：2022年10月9日
内容提要 作为地方立法专门概念的“地方性事务”具有重要的理论和实践价值，亟待对其内涵开展规范分析。其中，从纵向和横向两个维度解读“地方性”的进路面临标准的定位、取舍和排列难题及“地方特色”的界定与适用困境；“地方性事务”的整体解读进路依托权力清单、“三定”方案、央地财政事权与支出责任划分等政策工具，但面临标准的权威性不足等难题，行政事权与立法事权之间也存在本质差异。对此，应首先通过规范分析，明确以《宪法》第100条为前提、《宪法》第104条为核心、《宪法》第107条及《立法法》第82条为重要辅助的地方性事务规范结构，再分别缓解前述两种进路的各自困境，进而构建六阶递进的动态判断体系，综合运用立、改、释多元手段，最终实现对地方性事务规范内涵的全面解读。
关键词 地方性事务 地方性法规 立法权纵向配置 事权划分
Abstract: The ‘local affairs’ is significant as a legal terminology, but the normative research is lagged behind. The analysis on ‘local’ from the vertical and lateral perspective is faced with many problems, such as location, choice and arrangement of the standards, and the difficulty in the definition and application of ‘local characteristics’. The integrated access based on ‘local affairs’ is dependent on policy instruments such as the power list, ‘plans to define duties, institutions and personnel ’and the reform of the division of financial powers and expenditure responsibilities between the central government and the local governments, but it is faced with conundrum of authority and there are essential differences between administrative affairs and legislative affairs. It is wise for us to clarify the normative structure of local affairs based on the normative analysis with article 100 of the Constitution as the premise, article 104 of the Constitution as the core, article 107 of the Constitution and article 82 of the Legislative Law as auxiliary, and then correct the two accesses mentioned above. Finally, we can build an integrated-static standard system of ‘local affairs’ through six-step process, comprehensively use multiple methods of legislation, amendment and interpretation, and finally achieve a comprehensive interpretation of the connotation of local affairs norms.