作者：程啸
作者介绍：清华大学法学院教授
出版日期：2022年6月9日
内容提要 公开的个人信息包括自然人自行公开的个人信息以及其他已经合法公开的个人信息。我国法律没有将公开的个人信息排除在个人信息之外，而是在兼顾个人信息保护与利用的基础上，对公开的个人信息的处理作出了专门的规范。《民法典》第1036条与《个人信息保护法》第13条、第27条分别从免责事由与个人信息处理规则的角度对于公开的个人信息处理作出了规范，二者相互补充，合力实现个人信息权益保护与个人信息合理利用的协调。处理者只有合理处理公开的个人信息，才无需取得个人的同意，且免于承担民事责任，但除非法律或行政法规另有规定，其告知义务并不当然免除。公开的个人信息的处理活动必须是合法的并且是在合理的范围内进行的，对合理与否的判断应当依据必要原则与目的限制原则在权衡不同利益的基础上进行，尤其是要考虑个人信息的公开目的。
关键词 公开的个人信息 信息处理 告知同意 民法典 个人信息保护法
Abstract: Publicly available personal information includes personal information disclosed by natural persons and other legally disclosed personal information. Chinese law does not exclude the publicly available information from personal information, but makes special norms for the processing of publicly available personal information on the basis of taking into account the protection and utilization of personal information. Article 1036 of the Civil Code of China and articles 13 and 27 of the Personal Information Protection Law of China regulate the processing of publicly available personal information from the perspective of exemption and personal information processing rules respectively. They complement each other and work together to achieve the coordination between the protection of personal information rights and interests and the rational use of personal information. Only when the processor reasonably handles the publicly available personal information, it does not need to obtain personal consent and is exempted from civil liability, but it does not naturally exempt from the obligation of notice, unless otherwise provided by laws or administrative regulations. The processing of publicly available personal information must be legal and carried out within a reasonable scope. The judgment of whether it is reasonable or not should be carried out on the basis of weighing different interests according to the principles of necessity and purpose restriction, especially considering the purpose of disclosing personal information.