作者：张吉豫
作者介绍：中国人民大学法学院、未来法治研究院副教授
出版日期：2024年10月9日
内容提要 人工智能治理已成为国家和社会治理的前沿问题和重要领域。然而，当前在人工智能科技创新、风险防控、企业自治、政府监管、社会监督、国际协作等方面都亟需加强能力建设，必须把提升人工智能安全可信发展的能力作为人工智能治理的第一要务，构建“赋能型人工智能治理”的理念和机制。以此为目标，应坚持以人为本、发展导向的赋能型人工智能治理核心理念，以及从中发展出的智能向善、包容审慎、敏捷治理、可持续发展等基本理念。应建设以法治为核心的赋能型人工智能治理机制以及法治统领下的各项具体机制，如完善法律治理与技术治理相统合的机制，建立多元主体沟通协作的共治机制，构建与人工智能发展相适配的“避风港”机制，建立敏捷互动、激励向善发展的动态监管机制，建设人工智能安全保险等社会保障机制。
关键词 人工智能 赋能型治理 法治化 以人为本 发展导向
Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) governance has become a frontier issue and an important area of national and social governance. However, there is an urgent need to strengthen capacity building in various aspects, including AI technological innovation, risk prevention and control, corporate self-regulation, government regulation, social supervision and international collaboration, etc. Therefore, enhancing the capacity for safe and trustworthy AI development must be prioritized as the foremost task in AI governance, and the concept and mechanisms of ‘enabling AI governance’ should be established. To achieve this goal, we should adhere to the core concepts of enabling AI governance which are human-centered and development-oriented, as well as the derived basic concepts, including AI for good, inclusiveness and prudence governance, agile governance, and sustainable development. An enabling AI governance mechanism centered on the rule of law should be constructed, along with specific mechanisms under the rule of law, such as perfecting the mechanisms of integrating legal governance and technological governance, establishing co-governance mechanisms that promote communication and collaboration among diverse stakeholders, constructing ‘safe harbor’ mechanisms suitable for AI development, building agile and interactive dynamic regulatory mechanisms that incentivize the development of AI for good, and constructing social security mechanisms such as AI safety insurance.