作者：杨华
作者介绍：上海政法学院“上海高校东方学者”特聘教授
出版日期：2024年2月9日
内容提要 海洋法权涵盖国家海洋主权、海洋防卫权、海洋管理权、海洋资源开发利用权、海洋通道安全利用权等方面的权力（利）和利益。通过对海洋法权属性与宪法规范属性的一致性、宪法的功能及其规范海洋法权的法理逻辑、世界各国海洋法权宪法规范的事实逻辑，以及我国海洋法权宪法规范构建的现实逻辑的分析，可归纳出海洋法权宪法规范的基本逻辑和重点内容。海洋法权宪法规范对实施国家海洋强国战略、维护海洋权益、完善我国海洋法律体系具有重要作用，我国应在《宪法》中确立海洋法权，通过《宪法》序言和具体条款适度建构海洋法权规范，进而为推进国家海洋强国建设提供根本法保障。
关键词 海洋法权 宪法规范 海洋法治 海洋强国战略
Abstract: Maritime rights and interests are a collection of power (rights) and interests, of a sovereign country to exercise national maritime sovereignty, maritime defense, maritime management, maritime resource development and utilization, maritime passage safety and utilization, etc. By analyzing the consistency between the attributes of maritime rights and interests and those of constitutional norms, the functions of the constitution and its legal logic to regulate maritime rights and interests, the factual logic of constitutionalization of maritime rights and interests in various countries around the world, and the practical logic of the constitutionalization of maritime rights and interests in China, conclusions can be made Abstract: Maritime rights and interests are a collection of power (rights) and interests, of a sovereign country to exercise national maritime sovereignty, maritime defense, maritime management, maritime resource development and utilization, maritime passage safety and utilization, etc. By analyzing the consistency between the attributes of maritime rights and interests and those of constitutional norms, the functions of the constitution and its legal logic to regulate maritime rights and interests, the factual logic of constitutionalization of maritime rights and interests in various countries around the world, and the practical logic of the constitutionalization of maritime rights and interests in China, conclusions can be made in terms of the basic logic, and key content of the constitutionalization of maritime rights and interests. The constitutionalization of maritime rights and interests plays an important role in implementing the national maritime development strategy, safeguarding maritime rights and interests, and improving China’s maritime legal system. China shall establish maritime rights and interests in the Constitution, moderately construct norms of maritime rights and interests through the preamble and specific provisions of the Constitution, and thus provide fundamental legal guarantees for the construction of a great maritime country.