作者：刘银良
作者介绍：烟台大学黄海学者特聘教授
出版日期：2023年12月9日
内容提要 知识产权法与反不正当竞争法的关系是我国法学界长期争论的问题，众说纷纭，似乎无解。基于其完整的制度构造，知识产权法形成了高度自洽的创新激励体系，对知识产权和自由竞争有良好平衡，基本没有给构造相对简单的反不正当竞争法留下补充空间。将反不正当竞争法作为知识产权兜底保护法或补充保护法的认识，源于对知识产权法的构造及其与反不正当竞争法的关系缺乏系统理解。除商业秘密外，反不正当竞争法主要适用于规范商业混淆行为，并没有全面介入知识产权法的理由，否则就可能打破知识产权与自由竞争的平衡，导致知识产权的不合理扩张，压缩自由竞争的空间，并最终损害知识产权制度和反不正当竞争制度。
关键词 知识产权法 反不正当竞争法 排他性适用 创新激励 自由竞争
Abstract: The relationship between the intellectual property (IP) law and the Anti-Unfair Competition Law is a long-standing debate in China’s jurisprudential circle, with various theories and few sound explanations. Based on its comprehensive institutional structure, the IP law has formed a highly self-consistent innovation incentive system, with fair balance between IP rights and free competition, leaving little room for supplementing the Anti-Unfair Competition Law which has a comparatively simple structure. The perception of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law as the bottom line or the supplement for the protection of IP rights stems from a lack of full understanding of the structure of the IP law and its relationship with the Anti-Unfair Competition Law. Apart from trade secrets, the Anti-Unfair Competition Law is mainly applied to the regulation of commercial confusions, without sufficient reason to intervene in the IP laws. Otherwise it may break the balance between IP rights and free competition, leading to unreasonable expansion of IP rights, compressing the space for free competition, and damaging the IP system and the anti-unfair competition system.