作者：彭小龙
作者介绍：中国人民大学法学院副教授，法学博士
出版日期：2023年12月9日
内容提要 随着纠纷多元化解理念渐成共识，各种纠纷解决机制的结构性关系已成为当前法治实践和理论研究的焦点。“枫桥经验”60年的发展始终着眼于纠纷解决机制整体构造，为理解这些结构性关系提供了基本轮廓和丰富素材。以“枫桥经验”为基础，结合社会理论的发展，可以提炼出一种纠纷解决机制结构理论。这种理论主张纠纷解决机制结构是国家干预、社会自给及其与各种机制互动的结果，不仅可以解释我国纠纷解决机制结构的形成变迁、近年来的结构紧张以及新时代以来结构调整的整体思路和深化调整的策略重点，同时也能说明“枫桥经验”何以历久弥新、具有广泛适用性并从一种局部经验上升为全局性要求，展示出坚持和发展新时代“枫桥经验”的重大意义。
关键词 枫桥经验 纠纷多元化解 纠纷解决机制结构 国家干预 社会治理
Abstract: With the widespread acceptance of the idea of diversified dispute resolution, the structural relationship between various dispute resolution mechanisms has become the focus of rule of law practice and theoretical research in current China. The 60-year development of the ‘Fengqiao Model’ has always focused on the overall structure of the dispute resolution mechanism, providing a basic outline and rich material for understanding these structural relationships. Based on the ‘Fengqiao Model’ and combined with the development of social theory, a structural theory of dispute resolution mechanisms can be extracted. This structural theory argues that the structure of dispute resolution mechanisms is the result of state invention, social self-sufficiency, and their interactions with various mechanisms. It can explain the formation and changes of the structure of dispute resolution mechanisms in China and its structural tension in recent years, as well as clarify the overall thinking of structural adjustment since the new era and the strategic focus of deepening adjustment. At the same time, it can also explain why the ‘Fengqiao Model’ is so persistent and widely applicable, and has risen from a local experience to an overall guideline, showing the significance of applying and further developing the ‘Fengqiao Model’ in the new era.