作者：付大学
作者介绍：天津工业大学法学院教授
出版日期：2023年10月9日
内容提要 容他权是与排他权相对应的一种财产权。共享经济下财产容他权得到广泛应用，成为共享经济的财产权理论基础。排他权中心主义受到质疑后，容他权受到财产法学者的高度重视，在共享经济财产权中居于核心地位。共享经济财产容他权具有商业性、有偿性和正式性等特点，能够产生福利功能、互助功能和分配功能等社会价值。在我国物权法理论中，容他权与排他权一样可定位为物权的效力范畴，是产生共有权、用益物权、临时占有和使用权的基础，利用合同自由定制来实现。作为治理性财产，共享经济下财产容他时可能会产生各种各样的问题，需要以当事人自我规制为主体、政府规制为主导的各方共同治理，以实现符合社会主义核心价值观的公共目标。
关键词 共享经济 财产权 容他权 排他权 共同治理
Abstract: The right to include is a kind of property right opposite to the right to exclude. Under the sharing economy, the inclusive right of property has been widely exercised and has become the property right basis of the sharing economy. After the doctrine of exclusive right centralism was questioned, the right to include was highly valued by property law scholars and occupied a core position in the property rights of the sharing economy. The inclusive right of property under the sharing economy has the characteristics of commerciality, compensation, and formality. It can produce social values such as welfare functions, mutual assistance functions, and distribution functions. In the theory of China’s property law, the inclusive right can be positioned as the effectiveness category of real rights, which is the basis for the generation of other real rights, temporary possession, and rights to the use, and is realized through the free customization of the contract. As a governance property, the right to include may lead to various problems, which need the joint governance of all parties’ self-regulations as the main body and government regulations as the leading role, so as to achieve the public goals in line with socialist values.