作者：郭春镇
作者介绍：厦门大学法学院教授、党内法规研究中心研究员
出版日期：2023年2月9日
内容提要 法律解释是一个不断“去私人化”、重构法律文本公共性的过程。法律解释的公共性是一种符号、方法、价值意义上的公共性，以公共偏好、公共理性、公共利益的形态呈现。为了寻求法律“原初”的公共性，解释者应在历时性和共时性的理解中进行视域融合，通过对话与协商统合作者与读者之间、读者与读者之间对文本含义的重叠共识，在往返流转中无限逼近法律文本的原意。为了实现法律“现实”的公共性，解释者应基于人与人之间的交互性关系与互依性关系，将自我塑造为具有关系理性的解释主体；同时，解释者应通过表达与对话机制将个体性解释整合为公共性解读，以此探求文本的“原意”。
关键词 法律解释 公共偏好 公共理性 公共利益 对话与协商
Abstract: Legal interpretation is a process that continuously reduces ‘private languages’ to reconstruct the publicity of legal texts. Publicity of legal interpretation means the publicity of signs, methods, and values that appear in forms of public preference, public reason and public interests. On one hand, in order to seek ‘primitive’ publicity, the interpreters need to get the fusion of horizons both diachronically and synchronically, and integrate the overlapping consensuses regarding legal texts between authors and readers as well as among the readers through dialogues and negotiations, by which to approach the original meaning of laws. On the other hand, in order to realize ‘realistic’ publicity, the interpreters should not only cultivate themselves into ones with relational rationality based on the interaction and interdependence between people, but also integrate private interpretations into public interpretations through mechanisms of free expression and dialogues, so as to grasp the original meaning of laws.