作者：王雷
作者介绍：中国政法大学民商经济法学院副教授，法学博士
出版日期：2023年2月9日
内容提要 民事案件中，法律适用的“小前提”案件事实形成环节蕴涵了一个“小司法三段论”，基于此，民事法律适用实质上是一个“双阶层司法三段论”。民法证据规范是“小司法三段论”的“大前提”，不仅限于举证责任规范，还包括民法证据方法规范、民事推定规范以及民法证明标准规范。民法证据规范丰富了民法规范的类型体系，提升了民事权利规范、民事义务规范和民事责任规范的可操作性和价值连贯性。应通过对民法证据规范的发现、归类和解释适用促进形成合宜的民法证据思维，实现民事实体法和程序法的沟通和协调。
关键词 案件事实的形成 民法学方法论 双阶层司法三段论 民法证据规范
Abstract: The formation of civil legal facts during the ‘minor premise’ of law application implies a ‘minor judicial syllogism’. The formation of facts shows that the application of civil law is essentially a ‘two-tier judicial syllogism’. The civil evidence norms are the ‘major premise’ of ‘minor judicial syllogism’. The norms of evidence in civil law are not limited to the norm of the burden of proof, but also include the norm of evidence method, civil presumption and standard of proof in civil law. Civil evidence norms enrich the type and system of civil law norms, and enhance the operability and value consistency of civil rights norms, civil obligations norms and civil liability norms. The discovery, classification, interpretation and application of civil evidence norms promote the formation of appropriate civil law evidence thinking, and realize the communication and coordination between civil substantive law and procedural law.