作者：杨志琼
作者介绍：东南大学法学院副教授，法学博士
出版日期：2023年2月9日
内容提要 数字经济时代我国数据犯罪的新趋势体现为大型场景下对企业公开数据的批量抓取、使用，由于当前我国缺乏成熟有效的数据访问规则，加之大数据反垄断的公共政策需求，使得我国数据犯罪的刑法规制面临新挑战。对此，应从数据犯罪保护法益着手，摒弃传统“计算机信息系统安全”法益，重视“数据利用安全”法益（可控性）对传统“数据安全”法益（数据保密性、完整性、可用性，CIA）的补强意义，确立以“消极防御+积极利用”为核心的全新“数据安全”法益。未来我国数据犯罪的刑法规制应建构“以权限为中心”的数据访问规则，并适时增加反垄断的公共政策考量，将获取企业公开数据的行为出罪化，以适应数字经济的发展需求。
关键词 数据犯罪 数据安全法益 访问权限 公开数据 出罪化
Abstract: The new trend of data crime in the digital economy era in China is embodied in the batch scraping and use of enterprise public data under large-scale scenarios. Due to the lack of mature and effective data access rules and the public policy requirement of antitrust of big data, the criminal regulation of data crime in China faces new challenges. In this regard, we should start with the legal interests of data crime, abandon the traditional legal interests of ‘computer information system security’, attach importance to the reinforcing significance of legal interests of ‘data utilization security’ (controllability) to the traditional legal interests of ‘data security’ (confidentiality, integrity, and availability), and establish the new legal interests of ‘data security’ with ‘passive defense + active utilization’ as the core. In the future, we should construct data access rules with authority as the center in Chinese criminal regulation of data crime, timely take the public policy of antitrust into consideration, and decriminalize the behavior of obtaining enterprise public data, so as to meet the development needs of the digital economy.