作者：韩大元
作者介绍：中国人民大学法学院教授
出版日期：2023年2月9日
内容提要 民主是全人类的共同价值，是中国共产党和中国人民的不懈追求。我国现行宪法颁行40年来，以其丰富的民主内涵，为发展社会主义民主，落实“国家的一切权力属于人民”的宪法精神，提供了坚实的规范基础。通过宪法实施，我们不仅完善了以人民代表大会制度为载体的代议民主，同时构建了人民依照法律规定，通过各种途径和形式，管理国家事务、管理经济和文化事业、管理社会事务的直接民主形式，形成了包括民主选举、民主协商、民主决策、民主管理、民主监督在内的全过程人民民主形态。新时代以来，宪法积极回应人民对民主发展的新要求、新期待，坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国三者有机统一，践行全过程人民民主，不断扩大人民民主，健全民主制度，拓宽民主途径，丰富民主形式，使中国的民主发展更好体现人民意志，贴近人民的生活。在宪法轨道上推进全过程人民民主是我国宪法对世界民主多样性发展作出的独特贡献。
关键词 现行宪法 社会主义 人民民主原则 全过程人民民主
Abstract: Democracy is the common value of all mankind and the concept that the Communist Party of China and the Chinese people have relentlessly pursued. Forty years after its promulgation, the current Constitution of China, with its rich democratic connotations, provides a solid normative foundation for the development of socialist democracy and the implementation of the constitutional spirit that ‘all powers of the state belong to the people’. Through the implementation of the Constitution, not only the representative democracy based on the system of people’s congress has been improved, but also the form of direct democracy has been established, whereby the people manage state affairs, economic and cultural undertakings, and social affairs through various channels and forms in accordance with the provisions of the law, forming the people’s democracy in the whole process, including democratic election, democratic consultation, democratic decision-making, democratic management and democratic supervision. Since the new era, the Constitution actively responds to the people’s new demands and expectations for democratic development, adheres to the organic unity of Party leadership, the running of the country by the people, and law-based governance, practices people’s democracy in the whole process, continuously expands people’s democracy, improves the democratic system, broadens the democratic channels, and enriches the democratic forms, so that China’s democratic development can better reflect the will of the people and get closer to the people’s life. Promoting people’s democracy in the whole process on the basis of the Constitution is a unique contribution of the Constitution of China to the diversity of democratic development in the world.