作者：王莹
作者介绍：广东财经大学法学院教授，广东财经大学法治与经济研究所研究员
出版日期：2019年6月9日
内容提要 我国学者从居住权创设之初衷出发，执念于居住权的人役性，混淆了居住权本体与外在条件。以之指导居住权立法，必然使其偏离现实，进而丧失正当性。居住权之意义不应在于为极端萎缩的狭窄主体提供权利支持，而在于适应建筑物多元利用趋势，改变单纯以土地为对象的不动产用益物权格局，形成以土地物权为主、辅之以房屋物权的不动产用益物权新格局。唯有走出人役执念，专注于房屋的用益性，居住权方具有现实价值。基于物权定位之居住权不应限于满足生活需要，应以可出租、转让和继承为原则，期限亦得自由约定。
关键词 居住权 人役性 用益性
Abstract: By starting from the original intention of the creation of habitatio, the majority of Chinese scholars is obsessed with the personal servitude of habitatio, and failed to distinguish the noumenon and external conditions. To guide the legislation of habitatio on this basis will inevitably deviate from the reality and lose the justification. The significance of habitatio shall adapt to the trend of diversified usage of buildings, change the existing pattern of usufruct, which is targeted at land merely, and form a new pattern of usufruct of immovable property by focusing on the property right of land complemented by the property right of houses. The only way to make habitatio have its realistic value is to get rid of the obsession of the personal servitude of habitatio and concentrate on the usefulness of houses. Habitatio based on the orientation of property right should not be limited to just satisfy the general needs of life, and it thus should be allowed to lease, transfer and inherit, and the time limit can be freely agreed by the parties.