作者：王莹
作者介绍：中国人民大学刑事法律科学研究中心、 中国人民大学未来法治研究院副教授
出版日期：2019年6月9日
内容提要 传统诈骗罪理论中，被害人视角与行为人视角交织重叠，不仅带来相关构成要件要素的解释难题，也破坏了诈骗罪归责关联的完整性与连续性。本文尝试在解构诈骗罪关系犯特征的基础上提倡诈骗罪的不法本质是交易基础信息的操纵，并对其构成要件进行中国语境下的重构:行为人在财产交易沟通过程中操纵交易基础信息———对被害人施加影响使其作出有利于行为人的财产交易或安排———行为人非法获利(或被害人遭受财产交易损失)。这一理论重构将被害人角度的构成要件要素如错误认识、财产处分等删除出构成要件，能够凸显行为人信息操纵的归责链条，清晰勾勒诈骗罪的归责路线，并通过信息错误风险管辖思想替代争议颇多的被害人过错、被害人过于轻信等被害人教义学思维限制诈骗罪的可罚性范围。
关键词 认识错误 财产处分 交易信息操纵 信息错误风险分配
Abstract: It is the overlap of perspectives between the victim and the perpetrator in the traditional criminal theory of fraud that brings difficulty to the interpretation of elements of crime and undermines the completeness and continuity of culpability. Depending on the deconstruction of characters of relationship crime, this paper not only advocates that the essential of crime of fraud is the control of trade information, but also reconstructs the elements of fraud in the context of Chinese criminal law. Firstly, the perpetrator controls the trade information during the transaction processing. Moreover, the perpetrator influences the victim to make a transaction or an arrangement which is beneficial to the perpetrator. Ultimately, the perpetrator gets the profit or the victim loses his property. The reconstruction excludes the victim's defective cognition of elements of crime and dispose of property. In this way, we can emphasize on the liability of controlling the trade information from the perpetrator's perspective, and replace victimological perspective with the perpetrator's perspective in term of governance of risk relating to the error information.