作者：周少华
作者介绍：广州大学法学院教授，博士生导师
出版日期：2019年8月9日
内容提要 司法的本质在于实现个案公正。在刑事司法中，面临的真正问题不是“同案同判”，而是对案件作出区分。由于绝对的“同案”并不存在，即使存在也很难判定，因此，差异化的判决不仅无可避免，也具有相当的合理性。与形式化的“同案同判”相比，合理的差异化判决更有利于个案公正的实现。当然，在差异化判决中，刑罚均衡仍然存在，它和欠缺均衡性的“同案异判”有着根本性的区别。差异化判决的正当性与合法性，需要通过具体的判决理由进行证明，它只能存在于法律所提供的裁量范围之内。
关键词 刑事司法 个案公正 同案同判 差异化判决
Abstract: The essence of justice lies in the realization of individual cases' justice. In the criminal justice, the real problem is not "same cases have same judgments, but the distinction of cases. Since absolute 'same cases' do not exist, even if there is the existence, it is difficult to determine. Therefore, differentiated judgments are not only inevitable, but also are quite reasonable. Compared with 'same cases have same judgments' with formalization, reasonable differentiated judgments are more conducive to the realization of justice of individual cases. Certainly, in the differentiated judgments, there still exists penalty balance, and it has fundamental distinction with 'same cases have different judgments' that lack the balance. The justifiability and legitimacy of differentiated judgment need to be proved by specific judgment reason, and it can only exist within the discretion range provided by the law.