作者：程啸
作者介绍：清华大学法学院教授，博士生导师
出版日期：2019年8月9日
内容提要 个人信息的民法保护具有重要的作用与意义，对个人信息应采取公法与私 法并重的综合性保护方法。我国民法典规定个人信息保护，不仅奠定了个人信息保护的正 当性基础，也为个人信息保护立法提供了基本法律依据。自然人对个人信息并不享有绝对 权和支配权，而只享有应受法律保护的利益。该利益是指自然人享有的防止因个人信息被 非法收集、 泄露、 买卖或利用进而导致人身财产权益遭受侵害或人格尊严、 个人自由受到损 害的利益。只有行为人违反保护性法律侵害个人信息时，才产生侵害个人信息的侵权责 任。民法典人格权编草案应区分隐私权与个人信息，并进一步完善侵害个人信息的民事责 任规定，如归责原则、 因果关系、 损害的认定、 减免责事由、 责任承担方式等。
关键词 民法典编纂 个人信息保护 人格权编 隐私权
Abstract: The civil law protection of personal information has great impact and significance. A comprehensive method of public law and private law should be adopted to protect personal information. The protection of personal information stipulated in China's Civil Code not only lays the legitimate foundation for the protection of personal information, but also provides the basic legal basis for the legislation of personal information protection. Natural persons do not have absolute right and right of dominion over personal information, but only the interests that are protected by law. The interests refer to the benefits enjoyed by natural persons to prevent the infringement of personal and property rights and harm of personal dignity and freedom due to the illegal collection, disclosure, transaction or use of personal information. The tort liability for infringement of personal information occurs only when the perpetrator violates the protective law against personal information. The draft of Personality Right Book of Civil Code should distinguish between privacy rights and personal information, and further improve the civil liability for infringement of personal information, such as the doctrine of liability fixation, causation, the determination of damages, deduction and exemption, and methods of responsibility.