作者：郑 曦
作者介绍：北京外国语大学法学院教授
出版日期：2021年6月9日
内容提要 刑事诉讼在程序惯性的作用下沿着追诉和定罪的方向加速发展，程序惯性阻 抗着后续程序对先前程序的审查，使得欲改变程序或推翻先前结论变得十分困难。程序惯性 的作用造成刑事诉讼中权力制约机制失效、权利保障措施虚置，导致刑事诉讼结构变形，甚至 可能引发实体上的错案。程序惯性是由刑事诉讼的“质量”决定的，其影响因素包括刑事司 法权力配置、社会控制成本考量、办案人员心理作用和刑事诉讼具体制度等。因此需从优化配 置刑事司法中的权力关系、重新核算刑事案件处理的成本、引导办案人员进行心理调整、完善 刑事诉讼具体制度等方面着力，规制程序惯性，从而保障刑事诉讼实现公平正义。
关键词 程序惯性 刑事诉讼质量 程序正义 实体公正
Abstract: The development of criminal proceedings is accelerating in the direction of prosecution and conviction under the effect of procedural inertia. The procedural inertia hinders the review of previous procedures in subsequent procedures, making it very difficult to change procedures or overturn previous conclusions. The effect of procedural inertia has caused the failure of the power restriction mechanism and the rights protection measures in criminal proceedings, resulting in the deformation of the criminal proceedings structure, and may even lead to substantial wrongful cases. The procedural inertia is determined by the‘mass’ of criminal proceedings, and its influencing factors include the allocation of criminal judicial power, consideration of social control costs, the psychological role of case-handling personnel, and the specific system in criminal litigation. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on optimizing the distribution of power relations in criminal justice, recalculating the cost of criminal case handling, guiding case-handling personnel to make psychological adjustments, and perfecting the specific system of criminal proceedings to regulate the procedural inertia, so as to guarantee criminal litigation to realize its fairness and justice.