作者：吴元元
作者介绍：西南财经大学法学院教授
出版日期：2021年8月9日
内容提要 人民调解是我国政法治理重大战略的有机构成之一，而作为人民调 解制度 实践的主导者与行动者，人民调解员的制度角色若何，如何塑造公共意象，则是从主体性的 维度影响人民调解队伍组织建设、进而影响基层社会治理技术创新的关键性问题。基于制 度角色的内在规定性，人民调解员应当具备相应的社会资本，为人民调解的社会信任奠定价 值理性、技术理性基石。在此基础上，人民调解员展开调解技艺的实践运作，在法治框架下 顺利实现依法调处、濡化情理、彻底化解矛盾纷争等制度职能。由于各地经济、社会、文化发 展不平衡以及制度变迁中的螺旋式发展，部分人民调解员的制度角色塑造出现了实践之失。 以声誉效应为核心，构筑社会资本一调解技艺的再生产激励机制，可以为人民调解员的制度 角色塑造实现良好的公共意象提供充分的制度推力。
关键词 人民调解员 制度角色 社会资本 调解技艺 再生产激励机制
Abstract: People's mediation is one of the organic components of China's political and legal governance strategies. As the leaders and actors in the practice of the people's mediation system, what is the institutional role of the people's mediators in the system and how to shape their public imagery are the key issues that affect the team organization of people's mediators and thus the technological innovation of grassroots social governance from the perspective of subjectivity. Based on the inherent features of the institutional role, people's mediators should have the corresponding social capital to lay the foundation of value rationality and technical rationality for the social trust of people's mediation. On this basis, people's mediators carry out mediation skills and smoothly realize the institutional functions of mediating according to law, integrating reason and emotion, and thoroughly resolving contradictions and disputes under the framework of the rule of law. Due to the unbalanced economic, social, and cultural development in various regions and the spiral development in institutional changes, the institutional role of some people's mediators has been lost in practice. With reputation effect taken as the core, constructing a reproduction incentive mechanism of social capital—mediation skills can provide sufficient institutional impetus for the institutional role of people's mediators to achieve excellent public imagery.