作者：朱晓峰
作者介绍：中央财经大学法学院副教授，法学博士
出版日期：2021年8月9日
内容提要 作为不完全法条的 《民法典》第 998条在作用于人格权侵害民事责任的认 定过程中，并未完全摆脱构成要件论全有或全无的立场，而是依然在 《民法典》第 1165条 第 1款的框架内作为辅助性规范发挥作用。由于第998条既承认法官的自由裁量权，又对 其予以限制，因此法官在依据本条规定的考量因素作用于相应人格权侵害民事责任的认定 时，可以通过合法性原则、价值位阶原则、比例原则和权利适当限制原则的综合运用，将作用 于法律效果评价的诸考量因素的协动过程以可视化的方式呈现出来，使相应的法律论证具 有可反驳性且能经受得住反驳，增强相应法律效果评价结果的说服力和可接受度，助益于平 衡处理法秩序的安定性和开放性二者关系这一目的的实现。
关键词 人格权侵害 民事责任 动态体系论 利益权衡论 自由裁量权
Abstract:As an incomplete article, article 998 of the Civil Code does not entirely get rid of the position of constitutive elements in the process of determining the civil liability for the infringement of personality rights. It still plays a role as a supplementary norm within the framework of article 1165(1) of the Civil Code. Since article 998 both recognizes the discretionary power of judges and limits it, judges, in the process of determining the civil liability, can adopt the principles of legality, value rank, proportionality, and appropriate restriction of rights and visualize the coordination process of various factors that affect the evaluation of legal effects. In this way, the corresponding legal argument is rebuttable and can withstand the rebuttal, and the persuasiveness and acceptability of the evaluation results of legal effects will be enhanced. Furthermore, it will help realize the goal of balancing the stability and openness of the legal order.