作者：成协中
作者介绍：北京市社会科学院法学所副研究员,法学博士
出版日期：2016年6月9日
内容提要 尽管并未直接使用“违法性继承”这一概念,我国法院在关联行政行为的 司法审查中必然触及先行行为的合法性这一难题。 在相关个案中,不同法院依据不同论理 展现了不尽相同的立场。 这揭示了不同法院对法安定性与实质正义价值的不同权重和对 于行政行为公定力、先行行为可争讼性等问题的差异性理解。 也表明了行政行为违法性继 承中国图景的独特性和复杂性。 这一问题的有效解决,既有赖于立法对于复杂行政过程的 明晰化和规范化,又有赖于法院对于先行行为是否存在救济空间、对后续行为予以实质审 查的法益与限度、行政效率与阶段性利益保护等问题的审慎判断。 制度变革的启示,则包 括行政行为效力制度的完善、导向一体的行政程序变革和主客观均衡的现代诉讼制度等。
关键词 违法性继承 行政行为效力 法安定性
Abstract: Although Chinese courts have not directly applied the concept of “ illegal inheritance” , they shall inevitably touch the legality difficulty of advance behaviors in judicial review. On the basis of various reasoning, the court demonstrates different standpoints in related individual cases, which reveals their different weight on stability of law and the substantial value of justice, as well as the diversified understandings about de facto force of executive actions, the debatable and litigable extent of advance behaviors and so on. Besides, it indicates the uniqueness and complexity of illegal inheritance of executive actions in China. In order to effectively resolve the problem, on one hand, legislation must clarify and normalize the complicated administrative process; on the other hand, the courts have to take deliberate considerations in concrete cases, such as the salvation space of advance behaviors, legal interest and limitation of substantive examination for subsequent acts, and administrative efficiency and class interest protection. The enlightenments from the institutional reform include the perfection of the system of binding fore in administrative actions; the reform of administrative procedure oriented a single unity, and the reform of modern litigation which should balance the subject interests and objective interests.