作者：马一德
作者介绍：中南财经政法大学知识产权研究中心研究员，博士生导师
出版日期：2016年4月9日
内容提要 “不良影响”条款规定在我国《商标法》第 10 条第 1 款第 8 项，是商标标识 “禁止使用”情形的兜底，所保护的法益是公众利益。由于“不良影响”的内涵外延不明确， 对其调整范围、保护法益的认识存在不足，以及法律制度的缺位，导致“不良影响”条款法 律适用上的越位和错位。“不良影响”条款是禁止商标注册和使用的绝对理由，判断“不良 影响”需结合多种因素，“造成公众误导”的案件并非一律适用“不良影响”条款，当仅侵犯 公众利益不涉及特定主体利益时才可适用。
关键词 不良影响 在先权利 公众误导
Abstract: The“adverse effect”Clause is stipulated in the article 10，paragraph 1，item 8 of Trademark Law of the People’s Ｒepublic of China． It is the catch-call clause for all cases of“forbidding use”in trademarks． The legal interests it is to protect are the public ones． Due to the unclear connotation and denotation of“adverse effect”，the lack of awareness in terms of its regulatory range and of the interests to protect，as well as the absence of legal system， cases of offside and dislocation occur when the Clause is applied． The “adverse effect” Clause serves as the absolute reason for forbidding the registration and use of trademarks． Judging“adverse effect”calls for the combination of various factors． Not all the cases which “cause public misleading”are necessarily applicable to the “adverse effect”Clause． It is only applicable when the public interests are violated and there is no specific stakeholder to be identified．